Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. While some changes are natural, human activities—particularly the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas have been the dominant force behind recent global warming.

Causes of Climate Change: – Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Deforestation, Industrial Activities, Agriculture

Impacts of Climate Change: – Rising Temperatures, Melting Ice Caps & Glaciers, Extreme Weather Events, Ecosystem Disruption, Impact on Agriculture, Public Health Risks

Global Responses: – Paris Agreement (2015), United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Mitigation and Adaptation: – Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency, Carbon Sequestration, Urban Planning, Reforestation,